It is a principle of scholarly communication that the journal Editor is solely and independently responsible for deciding which articles are published. The Editor is guided by the journal's editorial board policies and constrained by legal requirements related to defamation, copyright infringement, and plagiarism. The scientific archive serves as a permanent historic record of scholarship; therefore, published articles should remain extant, exact, and unaltered as far as possible.

Occasionally, circumstances arise where an article must be retracted or removed. Such actions are not undertaken lightly and occur only under extraordinary circumstances. Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah maintains all versions of articles, including those that are retracted or removed.

This policy reflects best practices in the academic and library community. As standards evolve, we will revisit these policies and welcome input from the academic community.

Definitions and Scope

To clarify the actions taken by the journal regarding published and unpublished manuscripts, we adhere to the following COPE-aligned definitions:

Article Withdrawal

Withdrawal requests submitted before a formal acceptance decision incur no fee.

Where a manuscript has received formal acceptance and production has started, the journal may require a withdrawal fee equal to the applicable APC to recover editorial and production costs already incurred. This fee condition will be communicated to the author before payment.

Withdrawal requests must be submitted through the official OJS system. Requests submitted through other channels may not be processed.

Retraction Authority

Retraction may be initiated by the authors, editors, publisher, research institution, funding body, or other authorised parties.

Whenever reasonably possible, the corresponding author and co-authors will be informed of the concerns, allegations, evidence, and proposed actions before a final decision is made.

Author agreement is encouraged but is not required for retraction when the Editorial Board determines that reliable evidence demonstrates:

• plagiarism;
• data fabrication;
• data falsification;
• duplicate publication;
• unethical research practices;
• copyright infringement;
• serious legal violations;
• publication misconduct;
• unreliable findings that materially affect the validity of the scholarly record.

Retraction decisions shall be made in accordance with COPE Retraction Guidelines and the responsibility of the journal to preserve the integrity of the scholarly record.

Author-Initiated Retraction

Authors may request retraction. The Editorial Board will evaluate the request and determine whether a retraction, correction, expression of concern, or other action is more appropriate. The final decision remains with the journal.

Article Removal

In extremely limited cases, a published article may be removed from our online platform. This occurs only if an article is found to be defamatory, violates a person's legal rights, is the subject of a court order, or poses a serious health risk. In such circumstances, metadata (title and author information) will be retained, but the text will be replaced with a notice indicating that the article has been removed for legal reasons.

Article Replacement

Article replacement differs from removal. Removal is applied only in extraordinary legal cases or serious risks that cannot be addressed through ordinary correction or retraction.

AI-Related Publication Misconduct

Correction, Expression of Concern, Retraction, or other editorial actions may occur when:

• substantial AI use is not disclosed;
• AI-generated content contains fabricated evidence;
• AI-generated references are fictitious;
• AI-generated analysis materially misrepresents findings;
• AI use violates confidentiality or privacy obligations.

Evaluation shall be conducted in accordance with the AI Policy and COPE guidance.